DILI is a major cause of drug withdrawals from the market due to rarity and unpredictability.

• A. withdrawals
• B. recalls
• C. bans
• D. delays

Answer: (A)

Drug-induced liver injury is a rare and unpredictable adverse effect that often only becomes evident after widespread use. Because the risk isn’t detected reliably in early trials, post-marketing surveillance can reveal safety signals that lead regulators to remove the drug from the market to protect patients. This action is described as a withdrawal from the market. Recalls typically address manufacturing quality or labeling issues, not a safety signal discovered in real-world use; bans would be an outright prohibition that’s less commonly the direct response to a DILI signal; delays would simply push back availability rather than remove an already marketed drug. So the action most aligned with addressing DILI concerns is withdrawal from the market.